As the Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh marks its centenary, India stands at a crossroads. From a banned organization implicated in Mahatma Gandhi’s assassination to the ideological force behind the world’s largest democracy’s ruling dispensation, the RSS has become India’s most powerful and polarizing force, worshipped by millions as the nation’s cultural guardian, feared by millions more as democracy’s greatest threat.

This anthology brings together the RSS’s fiercest critics and most devoted defenders onto the same platform. Mahatma Gandhi’s great-grandson confronts his great- grandfather’s killers claiming his legacy, while a ninety-three-year-old Swayamsevak who was jailed after that assassination shares seven decades of devotion. A medieval historian exposes systematic saffronization, while RSS insiders argue they decolonized Indian minds. A retired diplomat examines Hindutva’s foreign policy shadow alongside voices celebrating the Sangh’s organizational genius.

The anthology presents contrasting, complementary, and conflicting perspectives on shared themes: the RSS’s origins, worldview, organizational structure, political influence, cultural interventions and the lived experiences it produces on the ground. Dalit leaders, feminist scholars, activists and journalists present testimonies so opposing, they’ve never coexisted between the same covers. Together, they form an essential historical record of how one organization’s vision has captured a civilization, and what that means for 1.4 billion people’s future.